الوصم الإجتماعى وعلاقته بالتفكير الإيجابى – السلبى لدى الموظفين الناجين من عمليات الأنفال فى منطقة الكرميان

This study aims to identify the level, the total degree of social stigma, and its relationship to the positive-negative thinking among employees who survived the Anfal operations in Iraqi Kurdistan. The researcher used the descriptive approach. The current study population represents the remains of victims of Anfal operations in Iraqi Kurdistan. The sample size was (80) males, and (70) females, they were chosen randomly A tool was prepared by the researcher, and divided into (6) dimensions (2) for social stigmatization and (4) for positive thinking, and the validity and reliability of the scale were verified. The validity of the study objectives. The study reached a set of results, which are Symptoms of social stigma and negative thinking are prevalent among employees who survive Anfal operations, there are statistically significant differences that the average scores of females increase the average degrees of males in symptoms of social stigma and negative thinking among employees who survive Anfal operations in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and there is a positive, statistically significant correlation between stigma Social and Positive-Negative Thinking among Employees Survivors of the Genocide (Anfal). There is a positive, statistically significant, correlation between social stigma and positive-negative thinking among employees who have survived the genocide (Anfal). At the end of the study, the researcher put together a set of recommendations and suggestions